Android学习系列(39)--Android主题和样式之系统篇（上）-白红宇

Android学习系列(39)--Android主题和样式之系统篇（上）

阅读量：6210 次

发布时间：2019-06-21

本文共 10794 字，大约阅读时间需要 35 分钟。

【基于最新的Android4.4的源码分析】

每家公司或者每个移动团队无不想开发出一套自己的UI框架，融入自己的设计和特性，这必然会去修改android的ui。

所以，学习和理解android的UI设计是最基础和非常有必要的。

android ui设计最重要的就是主题和样式。

1、位置

在Android的frameworks/base/core/res/res/values目录下有一下几个文件：

themes.xmlthemes_device_defaults.xmlstyles.xmlstyles_device_defaults.xml

分别定义了各种系统Theme，Style。

2、主题Theme

主要关注themes.xml,themes_device_defaults.xml两个文件。

themes.xml定义了android低版本的theme和Holo theme，themes_device_defaults.xml定义了DeviceDefault主题（继承自Holo主题），实际上就是在Holo主题上定制主题（For厂商）。

系统如何去选择默认的主题呢？

/**frameworks/base/core/java/android/content/res/Resources.java*/    /** @hide */    public static int selectDefaultTheme(int curTheme, int targetSdkVersion) {        return selectSystemTheme(curTheme, targetSdkVersion,                com.android.internal.R.style.Theme,                com.android.internal.R.style.Theme_Holo,                com.android.internal.R.style.Theme_DeviceDefault);    }            /** @hide */    public static int selectSystemTheme(int curTheme, int targetSdkVersion,            int orig, int holo, int deviceDefault) {        if (curTheme != 0) {             return curTheme;        }            if (targetSdkVersion < Build.VERSION_CODES.HONEYCOMB) {            // < 11            return orig;        }            if (targetSdkVersion < Build.VERSION_CODES.ICE_CREAM_SANDWICH) {             // < 14             return holo;        }            return deviceDefault;    }

当<11时，使用以前低版本主题;当>=11&&<14，使用Holo主题;>14的时候，使用DeviceDefault主题。

方便理解，下面把目前所有的版本号列出来，也顺便温习一下android的历史：

public static class VERSION_CODES {        /**          * Magic version number for a current development build, which has         * not yet turned into an official release.         */        public static final int CUR_DEVELOPMENT = 10000;            /**          * October 2008: The original, first, version of Android.  Yay!         */        public static final int BASE = 1;            /**          * February 2009: First Android update, officially called 1.1.         */        public static final int BASE_1_1 = 2;            /**          * May 2009: Android 1.5.         */        public static final int CUPCAKE = 3;        /**          * September 2009: Android 1.6.         */        public static final int DONUT = 4;        /**         * November 2009: Android 2.0         */        public static final int ECLAIR = 5;        /**         * December 2009: Android 2.0.1         */        public static final int ECLAIR_0_1 = 6;        /**         * January 2010: Android 2.1         */        public static final int ECLAIR_MR1 = 7;        /**         * June 2010: Android 2.2         */        public static final int FROYO = 8;        /**         * November 2010: Android 2.3         */        public static final int GINGERBREAD = 9;        /**         * February 2011: Android 2.3.3.         */        public static final int GINGERBREAD_MR1 = 10;        /**         * February 2011: Android 3.0.         */        public static final int HONEYCOMB = 11;        /**         * May 2011: Android 3.1.         */        public static final int HONEYCOMB_MR1 = 12;        /**         * June 2011: Android 3.2.         */        public static final int HONEYCOMB_MR2 = 13;                /**         * October 2011: Android 4.0.         */        public static final int ICE_CREAM_SANDWICH = 14;        /**         * December 2011: Android 4.0.3.         */        public static final int ICE_CREAM_SANDWICH_MR1 = 15;        /**         * June 2012: Android 4.1.         */        public static final int JELLY_BEAN = 16;        /**         * Android 4.2: Moar jelly beans!         */        public static final int JELLY_BEAN_MR1 = 17;        /**         * Android 4.3: Jelly Bean MR2, the revenge of the beans.         */        public static final int JELLY_BEAN_MR2 = 18;        /**         * Android 4.4: KitKat, another tasty treat.         */        public static final int KITKAT = 19;    }

3、系统主题Theme列表

系统默认大的主题是三种：Theme,Theme.Holo,Theme.DeviceDefault, 但是实际上在此基础系统还定义了大量的派生主题，最典型的是对应的Light主题。

除此之外，还有很多，在此一一列出，打字太痛苦了，我贴出截图：

了解android系统定义的主题之后，我们就可以根据实际情况在自己的应用中使用这些主题，但是如果想修改主题的某些内容，需要进一步深入。

4、详解每个主题中定义item分类

一个完整的主题应该定义哪些内容呢，以Theme为例，如下：

1）颜色


     
      @android:color/bright_foreground_dark
             
     
      @android:color/bright_foreground_dark_inverse
             
     
      @android:color/background_dark
             
     
      ?android:attr/colorBackground
             
     
      @color/legacy_pressed_highlight
             
     
      @color/legacy_long_pressed_highlight
             
     
      @color/legacy_selected_highlight
             
     
      @color/legacy_selected_highlight
             
     
      @color/legacy_selected_highlight

2）字体


             
     
      @android:style/TextAppearance
             
     
      @android:style/TextAppearance.Inverse
             
     
      @android:color/primary_text_dark
             
     
      @android:color/secondary_text_dark
             
     
      @android:color/tertiary_text_dark
             
     
      @android:color/primary_text_light
             
     
      @android:color/secondary_text_light
             
     
      @android:color/tertiary_text_light
             
     
      @android:color/primary_text_dark_disable_only
             
     
      @android:color/primary_text_light_disable_only
             
     
      @android:color/primary_text_dark_nodisable
             
     
      @android:color/secondary_text_dark_nodisable
             
     
      @android:color/primary_text_light_nodisable
             
     
      @android:color/secondary_text_light_nodisable
             
     
      @android:color/hint_foreground_dark
             
     
      @android:color/hint_foreground_light
             
     
      @android:color/search_url_text
             
     
      @android:color/highlighted_text_dark
             
     
      @android:color/highlighted_text_light
             
     
      @android:color/link_text_dark
             
     
      @android:color/link_text_light
             
     
      @android:color/primary_text_light_disable_only
             
     
      @android:style/TextAppearance.Large
             
     
      @android:style/TextAppearance.Medium
             
     
      @android:style/TextAppearance.Small
             
     
      @android:style/TextAppearance.Large.Inverse
             
     
      @android:style/TextAppearance.Medium.Inverse
             
     
      @android:style/TextAppearance.Small.Inverse
             
     
      @android:style/TextAppearance.SearchResult.Title
             
     
      @android:style/TextAppearance.SearchResult.Subtitle
             
     
      @android:style/TextAppearance.EasyCorrectSuggestion
             
     
      @android:style/TextAppearance.MisspelledSuggestion
             
     
      @android:style/TextAppearance.AutoCorrectionSuggestion
             
     
      @android:style/TextAppearance.Widget.Button
                     
     
      @android:color/primary_text_light
             
     
      @android:drawable/edit_text
                     
     
      @android:string/candidates_style
                     
     
      @android:drawable/indicator_check_mark_dark
             
     
      @android:drawable/indicator_check_mark_light
             
     
      @android:style/TextAppearance.Widget.PopupMenu.Large
             
     
      @android:style/TextAppearance.Widget.PopupMenu.Small

3）按钮


             
     
      @android:style/Widget.Button
             
     
      @android:style/Widget.Button.Small
             
     
      @android:style/Widget.Button.Inset
             
     
      @android:style/Widget.Button.Toggle
             
     
      @android:drawable/item_background
             
     
      ?android:attr/buttonStyle
             
     
      @android:drawable/ic_ab_back_holo_dark

4）List


             
     
      64dip
             
     
      ?android:attr/listPreferredItemHeight
             
     
      ?android:attr/listPreferredItemHeight
             
     
      ?android:attr/listPreferredItemHeight
             
     
      ?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge
             
     
      ?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge
             
     
      6dip
             
     
      6dip
             
     
      6dip
             
     
      6dip

5）Window


             
     
      @android:drawable/screen_background_selector_dark
             
     
      @null
             
     
      false
             
     
      false
             
     
      false
             
     
      false
             
     
      @null
             
     
      false
             
     
      @android:style/WindowTitle
             
     
      25dip
             
     
      @android:style/WindowTitleBackground
             
     
      @android:style/Animation.Activity
             
     
      stateUnspecified|adjustUnspecified
             
     
      false
             
     
      false
             
     
      false
             
     
      false
             
     
      false

6）Dialog


             
     
      @android:style/Theme.Dialog
             
     
      @layout/dialog_title_icons
             
     
      @layout/dialog_custom_title
             
     
      @layout/dialog_title

7）AlertDialog


             
     
      @android:style/Theme.Dialog.Alert
             
     
      @android:style/AlertDialog
             
     
      true
             
     
      @android:drawable/ic_dialog_alert

8）Panel


             
     
      @android:drawable/menu_background
             
     
      @android:drawable/menu_background_fill_parent_width
             
             
     
      #000
             
     
      ?android:attr/textColorPrimary
             
     
      ?android:attr/textAppearance
             
     
      false
             
     
      296dip

9）滚动条（Scrollbar）


             
     
      250
             
     
      300
              
     
      10dip
             
     
      @android:drawable/scrollbar_handle_horizontal
             
     
      @android:drawable/scrollbar_handle_vertical
             
     
      @null
             
     
      @null

10）文字选中（Text selection）


             
     
      @android:drawable/text_select_handle_left
             
     
      @android:drawable/text_select_handle_right
             
     
      @android:drawable/text_select_handle_middle
             
     
      @android:style/Widget.TextSelectHandle
             
     
      @android:layout/text_edit_paste_window
             
     
      @android:layout/text_edit_no_paste_window
             
     
      @android:layout/text_edit_side_paste_window
             
     
      @android:layout/text_edit_side_no_paste_window
             
     
      @android:style/Widget.TextSuggestionsPopupWindow
             
     
      @android:layout/text_edit_suggestion_item
             
     
      @null

有点长，下篇继续列举，并深入分析具体style.

转载地址：http://opbja.baihongyu.com/

你可能感兴趣的文章